alphabets of Italy
John Penney
There is no evidence for any form of writing in Italy before the arrival of Greek colonists in the 8th cent. bce. The Euboean alphabet brought by settlers at *Pithecusae (mod. Ischia) and *Cumae was ...
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Anatolian languages
Anna Morpurgo Davies
In the course of the 20th cent. new evidence emerged for a family of closely related languages attested in Anatolia (Turkey) from the 16th cent. bce and indirectly known two or three centuries ...
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archaism in Latin
Leofranc Holford-Strevens
Archaism is the employment of obsolete or obsolescent diction intended as such (not the conservative retention of the language with which one grew up, nor the colloquial preservation of expressions ...
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bilingualism
Rosalind Thomas
Widespread bilingualism at some level was characteristic of the ancient world, whether we look for(a) bilingual communities, in which two languages are in use (e.g. official and popular languages, ...
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British Latin
Benjamin Fortson
The Latin spoken in the British Isles during and shortly after the Roman occupation (43–410ce). It left numerous traces in loanwords into British Celtic (spoken by the indigenous Celtic ...
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Carian language
Anna Morpurgo Davies
Direct evidence for the Carian language (see caria) is limited to approximately 30 inscriptions from Caria proper and well above 200 inscriptions (some still unedited) written by Carian speakers in ...
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Celtic languages
John Penney
The Celtic branch of Indo-European is traditionally divided into Insular Celtic and Continental Celtic. The records of the Continental Celtic languages consist of names, occurring in profusion in ...
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Coptic language
T. G. Wilfong
Coptic is the latest phase of the ancient Egyptian language, written in an alphabet partly derived from Greek and incorporating Greek vocabulary. Strongly associated with Christianity in ...
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